Bakuchiol Plumping Serum

Synthetic acetylated peptide used in topical cosmetic anti-aging and skin-conditioning formulas. Available cosmetic ingredient references do not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; EU CosIng / INCI cosmetic ingredient references.

Synthetic acetylated peptide used in topical cosmetic hair/scalp and skin-conditioning formulas. Available cosmetic ingredient references do not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; EU CosIng / INCI cosmetic ingredient references.

Skin-conditioning ingredient commonly used in leave-on skincare. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Adenosine Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Allantoin is a soothing skin protectant commonly used to help reduce irritation and support comfort, with no known pregnancy or breastfeeding concerns in topical cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

A carotenoid antioxidant used for colour and skin-conditioning support. Topical cosmetic exposure is expected to be much lower than dietary or supplemental exposure. No pregnancy-specific hazard was identified for normal topical use.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; PubMed toxicology and topical cosmetic literature for astaxanthin. No ingredient-specific human pregnancy study of topical cosmetic use was identified.

Bakuchiol is a plant-derived skincare ingredient used as a retinol alternative. Although it can show some retinol-like cosmetic effects, it is not a retinoid or vitamin A derivative. Human topical studies suggest good tolerability, and current literature does not identify a known pregnancy-specific risk signal for topical cosmetic use. Overall, it is generally considered a lower-concern alternative to retinoids in pregnancy, while recognising that direct pregnancy-specific studies remain limited.

Sources: PubMed (NLM): Chaudhuri & Bojanowski 2014 (PMID 24471735); Br J Dermatol bakuchiol vs retinol randomized trial (PMID 29947134); J Drugs Dermatol bakuchiol moisturizer trial in sensitive skin (PMID 33346506); J Drugs Dermatol systematic review of human topical bakuchiol trials (PMID 38564402); Contact Dermatitis case reports (PMIDs 30644106, 31423588); PMC review noting lack of pregnancy-specific studies (PMCID PMC10683784).

Betaine is a humectant/osmolyte used to support hydration and reduce irritation potential in formulas; it is considered low concern with no known pregnancy or breastfeeding risks in topical cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Solvent and humectant commonly used in leave-on products. Not associated with pregnancy-specific concerns at cosmetic exposure levels.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US); Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU)

Butyrospermum parkii (shea) butter is an emollient/occlusive that supports the skin barrier; topical use is considered low concern with no known pregnancy or breastfeeding risks.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Polymer thickener used to create gel textures. Large-molecule ingredient with negligible systemic absorption.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US); Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU)

Skin-identical barrier lipid used to support barrier function and reduce dryness. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Ceramides as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

A skin-identical barrier lipid used for skin and hair conditioning. Cosmetic safety reviewers concluded that Ceramide AS is safe in current cosmetic use, noting limited skin absorption and reassuring toxicity data. Cosmetic-grade material should not be sourced from bovine central nervous system tissue.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Ceramides https://www.cir-safety.org/supplementaldoc/safety-assessment-ceramides-used-cosmetics-0

Skin-identical barrier lipid used to support barrier structure and reduce dryness. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Ceramides as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Skin-identical barrier lipid used to support the stratum corneum and reduce dryness. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Ceramides as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

A skin-identical barrier lipid used for skin and hair conditioning. Cosmetic safety reviewers concluded that Ceramide NS is safe in current cosmetic use, noting limited skin absorption and reassuring toxicity data. Cosmetic-grade material should not be sourced from bovine central nervous system tissue.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Ceramides https://cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/cerami122014tent.pdf

Fatty alcohol used as an emollient and thickener. Not the same as drying alcohols and not associated with pregnancy-specific concerns.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US); Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU)

Lightweight emollient ester used to improve slip and skin feel. Reviewed cosmetic ingredient references do not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR cosmetic ingredient safety references for alkyl esters/emollient esters; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Skin-conditioning lipid used in barrier-support formulas, often alongside ceramides and fatty acids. Normal topical cosmetic use has no known pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern identified in reviewed cosmetic references.

Sources: CIR cosmetic ingredient safety references for cholesterol and related sterols; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Bergamot essential oil used mainly for fragrance. No pregnancy-specific hazard is established for normal topical cosmetic exposure. Expressed bergamot oil can be phototoxic unless furocoumarins are controlled, so sun-exposed use should follow the finished product directions and applicable fragrance standards.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Citrus-Derived Peel Oils as Used in Cosmetics; IFRA Standard for phototoxicity of bergamot oil

An ivy-gourd fruit extract used for skin conditioning and antioxidant support. No pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific hazard was identified for normal topical cosmetic exposure. Direct ingredient-specific pregnancy studies were not identified, so this assessment does not extend to oral supplements or medicinal use.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; Cosmetic Ingredient Review botanical safety-assessment framework and relevant ingredient-family assessments. No ingredient-specific human pregnancy study of normal topical cosmetic use was identified.

Copper-binding carrier peptide also known as GHK-Cu, used topically in cosmetic skin-renewal, anti-aging, barrier-support and hair/scalp products. Reviewed literature describes topical cosmetic use and does not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific risk signal for normal topical use. This assessment does not apply to injectable copper peptides or oral peptide/copper supplementation.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; Pickart L et al. Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(7):1987. doi:10.3390/ijms19071987.

A cosmetic ester or glyceride used mainly for emollience, texture, dispersion or emulsification. The relevant fatty-acid, glyceryl, sorbitan, polyglyceryl and related ester safety assessments support use in current cosmetic practices. No pregnancy-specific hazard signal was identified for normal topical exposure; local irritation remains formulation-dependent.

Sources: CIR safety assessments of Fatty Acid Esters, Glyceryl Esters, Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters, Polyglyceryl Fatty Acid Esters and Monoalkylglycol Dialkyl Acid Esters; CIR December 2025 Quick Reference Table https://cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/QRT-Update-Dec2025.pdf; European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory.

Dipropylene glycol is used as a solvent and carrier in cosmetics; topical exposure is low and it has no known pregnancy or breastfeeding concerns at cosmetic concentrations.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Disodium EDTA is a chelating agent used to improve formula stability and performance; it is considered low concern in topical cosmetic use, with no known pregnancy or breastfeeding risks at typical concentrations.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Preservative booster and skin-conditioning agent. Considered safe for cosmetic use with low systemic exposure when used as intended.

Sources: Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU); Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US)

Glycerin is a widely used humectant that supports hydration and the skin barrier, with a long safety record and no known pregnancy or breastfeeding concerns in topical cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Emulsifier and emollient used to stabilise creams and lotions. Not associated with pregnancy-specific concerns at cosmetic exposure.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US); Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU)

Synthetic cosmetic peptide used in topical anti-aging and skin-conditioning formulas. Available cosmetic ingredient references and topical peptide literature do not identify a known pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; EU CosIng / INCI cosmetic ingredient references.

High-water-binding humectant used to support hydration at the skin surface. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Hydrogenated emulsifier used to support skin barrier feel. Not associated with pregnancy-specific concerns.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US)

Humectant and skin-conditioning ingredient in the hyaluronate family. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support current cosmetic use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical concern identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Humectant and skin-conditioning ingredient in the hyaluronate family. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support current cosmetic use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical concern identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

A humectant that helps skin and hair retain water. Cosmetic safety reviewers concluded that hydroxyethyl urea is safe in current cosmetic use when formulated to be non-irritating; reproductive and developmental data reviewed for the assessment did not identify a pregnancy-specific concern from normal topical exposure.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hydroxyethyl Urea https://www.cir-safety.org/supplementaldoc/safety-assessment-hydroxyethyl-urea-used-cosmetics-0

Cationic hyaluronate derivative used as a humectant and conditioning ingredient. Reviewed topical hyaluronate safety sources support cosmetic use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern identified.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Lavender oil is used in cosmetics mainly as a fragrance ingredient. For normal diluted topical cosmetic use, current evidence does not establish a pregnancy-specific concern. This assessment does not cover ingestion, concentrated essential-oil use, or aromatherapy-style exposure. The more relevant practical issues in skincare are irritation or sensitisation in some users, so within this methodology it remains in no known risks.

Sources: NCCIH: Lavender: Usefulness and Safety (2025); EMA HMPC: Lavandulae aetheroleum - herbal medicinal product; Bingham et al., Contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis caused by lavender: A retrospective study from an Australian clinic (Contact Dermatitis, 2019).

Limonene is a common fragrance component used at low levels in cosmetics; it is not a pregnancy-specific concern in topical use, but it is a recognised fragrance allergen and may trigger irritation or sensitisation in some people, especially if the product oxidises over time.

Sources: EU/UK cosmetics (fragrance allergen labelling); IFRA; toxicology reviews

Linalool is a common fragrance component used at low levels in cosmetics; it is not a pregnancy-specific concern in topical use, but it is a recognised fragrance allergen and may trigger irritation or sensitisation in some people, especially if the product oxidises over time.

Sources: EU/UK cosmetics (fragrance allergen labelling); IFRA; toxicology reviews

Neem flower extract is used as a botanical skin-conditioning ingredient. A high-dose oral rat study altered the oestrous cycle and ovulation but did not show anti-implantation, abortifacient, or teratogenic effects. That oral dose does not establish a hazard from normal topical cosmetic exposure.

Sources: PubMed: high-dose oral neem flower extract reproductive study in rats https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19357745/; European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory. No human pregnancy study of normal topical cosmetic use was identified.

Solvent and humectant used to improve texture and ingredient delivery in topical cosmetic formulas. Reviewed cosmetic ingredient references do not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical use.

Sources: CIR cosmetic ingredient safety references for alkane diols; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Niacinamide (vitamin B3) is widely used for barrier support and tone/texture benefits, and is generally considered safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding when used topically at cosmetic concentrations.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Synthetic cosmetic peptide used in topical brightening and skin-conditioning formulas. Reviewed cosmetic peptide literature and cosmetic ingredient references do not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; EU CosIng / INCI cosmetic ingredient references.

Fatty alcohol emollient used to improve spreadability and reduce drag. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR ingredient status / report data sheet for Octyldodecanol; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

oligopeptide-29 is an amino acid, peptide, protein-related or glycosaminoglycan cosmetic conditioning ingredient. Expected systemic exposure from normal topical use is low, and relevant cosmetic-family assessments did not identify a pregnancy-specific concern. Manufacturing quality and residual allergenic proteins remain relevant where applicable.

Sources: CIR assessments of alpha-amino acids, plant-derived amino acids, proteins and peptides https://www.cir-safety.org/supplementaldoc/safety-assessment-%CE%B1-amino-acids-used-cosmetics; European Commission CosIng

oligopeptide-32 is an amino acid, peptide, protein-related or glycosaminoglycan cosmetic conditioning ingredient. Expected systemic exposure from normal topical use is low, and relevant cosmetic-family assessments did not identify a pregnancy-specific concern. Manufacturing quality and residual allergenic proteins remain relevant where applicable.

Sources: CIR assessments of alpha-amino acids, plant-derived amino acids, proteins and peptides https://www.cir-safety.org/supplementaldoc/safety-assessment-%CE%B1-amino-acids-used-cosmetics; European Commission CosIng

No pregnancy-specific harm has been identified for ordinary, correctly formulated topical cosmetic use of oligopeptide-6. This is a bounded protein/peptide/ferment assessment; direct pregnancy studies of the exact material are limited and oral, medicinal, damaged-skin or aerosol exposure is not included.

Sources: https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/tsupep092017final.pdf

Synthetic palmitoylated signal peptide used in topical anti-aging cosmetics. It is one of the better-studied cosmetic peptides, with reviewed topical literature describing controlled cosmetic studies and no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; Robinson LR et al. Topical palmitoyl pentapeptide provides improvement in photoaged human facial skin. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2005;27(3):155-160.

Synthetic signal peptide used in topical cosmetic anti-aging and skin-conditioning formulas. Reviewed topical peptide literature describes palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7 as a cosmetic peptide with anti-inflammatory and extracellular-matrix support activity in topical formulations. No pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific risk signal was identified for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: Schagen SK. Topical Peptide Treatments with Effective Anti-Aging Results. Cosmetics. 2017;4(2):16. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4020016; CIR Expert Panel safety assessment of palmitoyl oligopeptides as used in cosmetics.

Synthetic peptide used as a skin-conditioning ingredient. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources indicate no known pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern in normal topical cosmetic use. Available cosmetic safety assessments conclude this ingredient is safe in the present practices of use and concentration described for cosmetics.

Sources: CIR Expert Panel, Safety Assessment of Tripeptide-1, Hexapeptide-12, their metal salts and fatty acyl derivatives, and Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 as used in cosmetics, final report, 2014

Panthenol (pro-vitamin B5) is used for soothing and barrier support and is generally well tolerated, with no known pregnancy or breastfeeding concerns in topical cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Pentaerythrityl Tetrabehenate: An assessed high-molecular-weight fatty-acid tetraester emollient. Cosmetic-grade purity matters; the ester is not interchangeable with a free synthesis reagent. No pregnancy-specific harm has been identified for ordinary topical cosmetic use; direct human pregnancy data are limited. This assessment excludes ingestion, medicinal doses and deliberate inhalation.

Sources: https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Pentae122011FINAL%20for%20posting.pdf,https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/QRT-Update-Dec2025.pdf

Humectant and preservative booster. Considered safe for cosmetic use with low systemic exposure.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US); Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU)

Polyglycerin fatty-acid ester used as an emulsifier and solubilizer. Reviewed cosmetic safety references do not identify a pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern for normal topical cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR cosmetic ingredient safety references for polyglyceryl fatty acid esters; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

An ester of polyglycerin and capric acid used as an emulsifier and skin-conditioning ingredient. Cosmetic safety reviewers concluded that polyglyceryl fatty acid esters, including Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate, are safe in current cosmetic use when formulated to be non-irritating.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Polyglyceryl Fatty Acid Esters https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/PGlyFE092016FR.pdf

Nonionic surfactant and solubiliser used to disperse oils and fragrance. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Polysorbates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Potassium hyaluronate is a salt of hyaluronic acid used as a surface humectant and skin conditioner. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review concluded that reviewed hyaluronates are safe in current cosmetic use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern identified for normal topical exposure.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics https://www.cir-safety.org/supplementaldoc/safety-assessment-hyaluronates-used-cosmetics

A botanical extract, juice or water used primarily for skin conditioning, moisturising, soothing or antioxidant support. Direct pregnancy studies of the named cosmetic material were not identified. No reproductive or developmental hazard was identified for normal topical exposure to a compliant finished cosmetic; oral herbal or medicinal use is outside this classification.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; Cosmetic Ingredient Review botanical safety-assessment framework and relevant plant-family assessments. No ingredient-specific human pregnancy study of normal topical cosmetic use was identified.

A fruit, seed or food-plant extract used for skin conditioning and antioxidant support. No pregnancy-specific signal was identified for the low topical exposure expected from a finished cosmetic. Direct pregnancy studies are generally unavailable, and botanical allergy remains possible.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; CIR botanical safety framework and relevant fruit-derived ingredient assessments; peer-reviewed cosmetic and phytochemical literature for the named plants.

A botanical extract, juice or water used primarily for skin conditioning, moisturising, soothing or antioxidant support. Direct pregnancy studies of the named cosmetic material were not identified. No reproductive or developmental hazard was identified for normal topical exposure to a compliant finished cosmetic; oral herbal or medicinal use is outside this classification.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; Cosmetic Ingredient Review botanical safety-assessment framework and relevant plant-family assessments. No ingredient-specific human pregnancy study of normal topical cosmetic use was identified.

Modified hyaluronate humectant and skin-conditioning ingredient. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support topical hyaluronate ingredients, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific concern identified for normal cosmetic use.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

A modified beta-glucan polysaccharide used for skin conditioning. CIR included Sodium Carboxymethyl Beta-Glucan in its safe-as-used conclusion for microbial polysaccharide gums. Human irritation, sensitisation and photosensitisation data supported the cosmetic conclusion; no pregnancy-specific concern was identified for normal topical use.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Microbial Polysaccharide Gums as Used in Cosmetics https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/microb092012rep.pdf

Sodium hyaluronate (hyaluronic acid salt) is used for hydration and cushioning, with very low systemic absorption from topical use and no known pregnancy or breastfeeding concerns at cosmetic concentrations.

Sources: CIR; EU/UK Cosmetics Regulation

Crosslinked hyaluronate humectant used to support hydration at the skin surface. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Hyaluronates as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

Humectant and buffer that also forms part of the skin's natural moisturising factor. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support topical cosmetic use; irritation and sun-sensitivity considerations relate more to formula context than to pregnancy-specific risk.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Alpha Hydroxy Acids as Used in Cosmetics; CIR: PCA and Its Salts as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

A collagen preparation used for skin and hair conditioning. Cosmetic safety reviewers concluded that soluble collagen and related connective-tissue proteins are safe in current practices, subject to source and impurity controls that exclude prohibited cattle materials. Protein sensitivity remains possible in susceptible people.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Skin and Connective Tissue-Derived Proteins and Peptides https://cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/tsupep092017final.pdf

Lightweight emollient used to support the skin barrier. Not associated with pregnancy-specific concerns at cosmetic exposure levels.

Sources: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US); Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (EU)

pH adjuster and buffer used to stabilise formulations. Reviewed cosmetic safety sources support normal topical use, with no pregnancy- or breastfeeding-specific topical signal identified in the material reviewed.

Sources: CIR: Safety Assessment of Tromethamine as Used in Cosmetics; EU CosIng / cosmetics regulatory inventory

A fruit, seed or food-plant extract used for skin conditioning and antioxidant support. No pregnancy-specific signal was identified for the low topical exposure expected from a finished cosmetic. Direct pregnancy studies are generally unavailable, and botanical allergy remains possible.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; CIR botanical safety framework and relevant fruit-derived ingredient assessments; peer-reviewed cosmetic and phytochemical literature for the named plants.

A cosmetic extract from an edible fruit, seed, grain, root or mushroom used for conditioning or antioxidant support. Normal topical cosmetic exposure is much lower than ordinary dietary exposure to the source material, and no pregnancy-specific hazard signal was identified. Exact extract composition varies, so source quality and individual food or plant allergy remain relevant.

Sources: European Commission CosIng ingredient inventory; CIR botanical safety framework and relevant plant-derived ingredient assessments; FDA food ingredient and GRAS inventories where applicable.

Water (Aqua) is the standard purified water used as a cosmetic solvent. It has no pregnancy-specific risk in normal topical use.

Sources: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Water, https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/cosmetics/cosmetic-ingredient-database/cosing-glossary-ingredients_en

Natural polysaccharide thickener used for stability and texture. Not associated with pregnancy-specific concerns.

Sources: European cosmetics regulatory framework